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MPTP is a brain penetrant dopamine neurotoxin. MPTP is dehydrogenated in nigrostriatal cells to generate MPP+, which in turn inhibits mitochondrial complex enzymes and contributes to cell death. MPTP can be used in animal modeling to create Parkinson's disease models. MPTP replicates naturally occurring neurodegeneration and is useful for studying dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. After injection, MPTP is rapidly metabolized to MPP+, which has a serum half-life of approximately 6 days in sheep. MPTP is free to cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, where it is metabolized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in astrocytes into MPP+, its active & toxic form. MPP+ is taken up by dopamine neurons via a dopamine transporter (DAT), blocking Complex I in the electron transport chain of mitochondria, triggering oxidative stress and mitochondrial breakdown, and finally leading to neuron apoptosis.
| Molecular Weight | 173.25 |
| Formula | C12H15N |
| CAS Number | 28289-54-5 |
| Form | Solid |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 48 mg/mL |
| Storage |
RT, protect from light In solvent -20°C 6 months |
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