Levodopa (Sinemet) is an amino acid precursor of dopamine with antiparkinsonian properties. Dopamine is converted from levodopa (Sinemet) by DOPA decarboxylase and can cross the blood-brain barrier. When in the brain, levodopa is decarboxylated to dopamine and stimulates the dopaminergic receptors, thereby compensating for the depleted supply of endogenous dopamine seen in Parkinson’s disease.
*The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended
| Molecular Weight | 197.19 |
| Formula | C9H11NO4 |
| CAS Number | 59-92-7 |
| Solubility (25°C) | 0.1 M HCL: 10 mg/mL Water 0.5 mg/mL |
| Storage | 2-8°C, sealed |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
[2] Robert A Hauser. Levodopa: past, present, and future
[3] Giovanni Abbruzzese. Optimising levodopa therapy
[4] Stanley Fahn. The history of dopamine and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
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