Disulfiram (Tetraethylthiuram disulfide) is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH1). Disulfiram is used in the study of chronic alcoholism, with acute sensitivity to alcohol, and is a potent copper ion-carrier that can be used in cuproptosis studies. Disulfiram inhibits gasdermin D (GSDMD) pore formation in liposomes and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in human and mouse cells. Disulfiram + Cu2+ increases intracellular ROS levels triggering apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells.
JACC-BASIC TRANSL SC. 2023 May 31.
PCSK9 Promotes Hypoxia-Induced Endothelial Cell Pyroptosis by Regulating Smac Mitochondrion-Cytoplasm Translocation in Critical Limb Ischemia
Disulfiram purchased from AbMole
| Molecular Weight | 296.54 |
| Formula | C10H20N2S4 |
| CAS Number | 97-77-8 |
| Form | Solid |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 60 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
[4] Chen Lu, et al. Disulfiram: a novel repurposed drug for cancer therapy
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