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Stavudine is an orally bioavailable nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI) active against HIV. Stavudine triphosphate inhibits the HIV reverse transcriptase in vitro by competing with natural substrate, thymidine triphosphate. Stavudine also causes termination of DNA replication by incorporating into the DNA strand. In clinical studies, stavudine has excellent oral bioavailability in excess of 80%. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis.
| Molecular Weight | 224.21 |
| Formula | C10H12N2O4 |
| CAS Number | 3056-17-5 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 60 mg/mL Water 20 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
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