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Shikonin (C.I. 75535, Anchusin, Anchusa acid, Alkanna Red, Isoarnebin 4, NSC 252844) is an effective and specific inhibitor of Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Shikonin is the main ingredient of Lithosia, a Chinese herb with a variety of biological activities. Shikonin is a potent TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. Shikonin acts as an anti-inflammatory by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and it can inhibit the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Shikonin decreases exosome secretion through the inhibition of glycolysis. Shikonin also inhibits AIM2 inflammasome activation.
| Molecular Weight | 288.30 |
| Formula | C16H16O5 |
| CAS Number | 517-89-5 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 100 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
[1] Zhenzhen Mu, et al. Therapeutic Effects of Shikonin on Skin Diseases: A Review
[4] Joelle C Boulos, et al. Shikonin derivatives for cancer prevention and therapy
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