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Phytohemagglutinin is a lectin obtained from the red kidney bean that binds to the membranes of T-cells, stimulates metabolic activity and involves inflammatory pathways. Phytohemagglutinin is a T-cell activator. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) induces apoptosis via increasing proapoptotic protein Bax and activating caspases-3.
PHA consists of two molecular species, an erythroagglutinin (PHA-E) which has low mitogenic activity and high erythroagglutinin activity, and leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) which has high mitogenic and leucoagglutinating activity, but very low erythroagglutinating activity.
PHA-E is not blood group specific, but agglutination can be inhibited by certain oligosaccharides. PHA-P is the protein form of PHA prior to separation and purification of erythroagglutinin and leucoagglutinin. PHA-M is the mucoprotein form.
| CAS Number | 9008-97-3 |
| Solubility (25°C) | Water ≥ 10 mg/mL |
| Storage | 2-8°C, protect from light, sealed |
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