Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

Biological Activity

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a PKC-activating phorbol ester, increases the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 of 11.7 nM.

Product Citations

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  Theranostics. 2022 Aug 29;12(14):6242-6257.

  Single-Cell RNA sequencing reveals immune cell dynamics and local intercellular communication in acute murine cardiac allograft rejection
  Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate purchased from AbMole

• 

  Front Immunol. 2022 May 23;13:866638.

  A Novel STAT3 Gain-of-Function Mutation in Fatal Infancy-Onset Interstitial Lung Disease
  Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate purchased from AbMole

• 

  Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 28;13:883885.

  TIPE2 May Target the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Inhibit M1 Macrophage-Related Neutrophilic Inflammation in Asthma
  Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 14;22(12):6346.

  Activity of Oritavancin and Its Synergy with Other Antibiotics against Mycobacterium abscessus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo
  Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate purchased from AbMole

• 

  Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 25;12:620365.

  Circulating Neutrophil Dysfunction in HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
  Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate purchased from AbMole

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight	616.83
Formula	C36H56O8
CAS Number	16561-29-8
Solubility (25°C)	DMSO 90 mg/mL Ethanol 90 mg/mL
Storage	-20°C, protect from light

Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (PMID: 27057123)

Species	Mouse	Rat	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Hamster	Dog
Weight (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
Km factor	3	6	12	8	5	20

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the K_m factor for a mouse and then divide by the K_m factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.

References

[1] Mitsuhiro Kinoshita, et al. Phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate inhibits Nephronectin gene expression via Protein kinase C alpha and c-Jun/c-Fos transcription factors

[2] Sukkum Ngullie Chang, et al. Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate Induced Toxicity Study and the Role of Tangeretin in Abrogating HIF-1α-NF-κB Crosstalk In Vitro and In Vivo

[3] Yoon-Hee Cheon, et al. Eupatilin downregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced MUC5AC expression via inhibition of p38/ERK/JNK MAPKs signal pathway in human airway epithelial cells

[4] Derya Biriken, et al. Investigation of cytokine and midkine responses of human THP-1 leukemia cells induced by phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate (PMA) at different concentrations and times

[5] Tregei Starr, et al. The phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate differentiation protocol is critical to the interaction of THP-1 macrophages with Salmonella Typhimurium