Milrinone (Primacor) is a a potent and selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.42 uM for the inhibition of FIII PDE. It potentiates the effect of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). It also enhances relaxation of the left ventricle by increasing Ca2+-ATPase activity on the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. This increases calcium ion uptake.It has positive inotropic, vasodilating and minimal chronotropic effects. It is used in the management of heart failure only when conventional treatment with vasodilators and diuretics has proven insufficient. This is due to the potentially fatal adverse effects of milrinone, including ventricular arrhythmias.
Molecular Weight | 211.22 |
Formula | C12H9N3O |
CAS Number | 78415-72-2 |
Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 40 mg/mL |
Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
[3] Amna Qasim, et al. Milrinone Use in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
[5] Luke Yong Zheng Chong, et al. Milrinone Dosing and a Culture of Caution in Clinical Practice
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