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Zanamivir (trade name Relenza) is a neuraminidase inhibitor used in the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza caused by influenza A virus and influenza B virus. Zanamivir works by binding to the active site of the neuraminidase protein, rendering the influenza virus unable to escape its host cell and infect others. Zanamivir is also an inhibitor of influenza virus replication in vitro and in vivo. In clinical trials it was found that zanamivir was able to reduce the time to symptom resolution by 1.5 days if therapy was started within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. The bioavailability of zanamivir is 2%. After inhalation, zanamivir is concentrated in the lungs and oropharynx, where up to 15% of the dose is absorbed and excreted in urine.
| Molecular Weight | 332.31 |
| Formula | C12H20N4O7 |
| CAS Number | 139110-80-8 |
| Solubility (25°C) | Water 30 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
[1] Moscona A. N Engl J Med. Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza.
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