Streptozotocin

Biological Activity

Streptozotocin (Streptozocin, STZ) is a naturally occurring chemical that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. Streptozotocin specifically targets beta cells, entering via the glucose transporter GLUT2 and causing alkylation of DNA. Streptozotocin induces diabetes mellitus via reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in pancreatic β-cells in vivo. The effectiveness of STZ depends on the level of GLUT2 expression, which in turn may be influenced by age, sex, strain, or species.

Solution is extremely unstable at room temperature, and can be decomposed into gas and volatilized after half an hour, freshly prepared is recommended.

Product Citations

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  Drug Deliv Transl Re. 2021 Apr 13.

  Dissolving Microneedle Rollers for Rapid Transdermal Drug Delivery
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  2020 Sep.

  Developing a model to assess the contribution of cytokeratin 19-expressing cells during multipotent stromal cell-induced islet regeneration
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  Pharmacol Res. 2020 Jul;157:104831.

  Astragaloside IV acts through multi-scale mechanisms to effectively reduce diabetic nephropathy
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  Sci Adv. 2020 Jul 10;6(28):eaba7260.

  A basal-bolus insulin regimen integrated microneedle patch for intraday postprandial glucose control
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  Int J Pharm. 2018 Dec 13;556:338-348.

  Self-implanted tiny needles as alternative to traditional parenteral administrations for controlled transdermal drug delivery.
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  Macromol Rapid Commun. 2018 May 2;e1800075.

  Controlled Delivery of Insulin Using Rapidly Separating Microneedles Fabricated from Genipin-Crosslinked Gelatin
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  J Drug Target. 2018 Jan;16:1-10.

  In-vitro and in-vivo assessment of polymer microneedles for controlled transdermal drug delivery
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  J Ind Eng Chem. 2017;3311:1–7.

  Structural optimization of rapidly separating microneedles for efficient drug delivery
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

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  RSC Advances. 2017;7:15408-15415.

  A solid polymer microneedle patch pretreatment enhances the permeation of drug molecules into the skin
  Streptozotocin purchased from AbMole

Customer Product Validations & Biological Datas

	Source	Macromol Rapid Commun (2018). Figure 4. Streptozotocin (Abmole Bioscience. USA)
	Method	creating diabetic mice models
	Cell Lines	diabetic mice
	Concentrations	-
	Incubation Time	24 h
	Results	Remarkably, the fluorescence intensity of skin treated by non-crosslinked gelatin MNs decreased more sharply compared with crosslinked RS-PGC-MNs.

	Source	J Drug Target (2018) . Figure 6. Streptozotocin (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	intraperitoneal injection
	Cell Lines	Balb/c mice
	Concentrations	100 mg/kg
	Incubation Time	48h
	Results	Figure 6(a-b) shows the in-vivo fluorescence images of Balb/c mice after treatment of different molecular weight of PVA, gelatin, chitosan and HA based MNs array at different time (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 h) intervals of drug release.

	Source	J Ind Eng Chem (2017). Figure 3. Streptozotocin (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	inject to mice
	Cell Lines	Female Balb/c mice
	Concentrations	10 mg/ml
	Incubation Time	48 h
	Results	The amount of drugs loaded in RSMNs with various length of PLA 182 MNs was approximately 280 ng/patch.

	Source	RSC Advances(2017). Streptozotocin, Figure 7. (AbMole Bioscience, Shanghai, China)
	Method	Prior to the experiment, the diabetic model was induced in BALB/c female mice (6–8 weeks old, 16  0.7 g) with streptozotocin (200 mg/kg in sodium citrate buffer, PH 4.5) administrated by intraperitoneal injection aer they were fasted for 6 h only in case of water.
	Cell Lines
	Concentrations	200 mg/kg
	Incubation Time
	Results

Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (Value based on data from FDA Draft Guidelines)

Species	Mouse	Rat	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Hamster	Dog
Weight (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
Km factor	3	6	12	8	5	20

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the K_m factor for a mouse and then divide by the K_m factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.

Chemical Information

References

Oxidative stress of crystalline lens in rat menopausal model
Semra Acer, et al. Arq Bras Oftalmol. Jul-Aug 2016;79(4):222-5. PMID: 27626144.

Immunotoxicological effects of streptozotocin and alloxan: in vitro and in vivo studies
Randa A Hadi Diab, et al. Immunol Lett. 2015 Feb;163(2):193-8. PMID: 25573197.

Recovery of islet beta-cell function in streptozotocin- induced diabetic mice: an indirect role for the spleen.
Yin D, et al. Diabetes. 2006 Dec;55(12):3256-63. PMID: 17130468.

The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas.
Szkudelski T. Physiol Res. 2001;50(6):537-46. PMID: 11829314.