Species: Human
Expression system: E.coli
Purity: > 95% as determined by reduced SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin: LAL test measured less than 0.1 ng/µg (1EU/µg)
Molecular weight: 11.7 KDa
Storage and stability: The freeze-dried protein should be stored at ≤-20°C for one year after receiving. The recombinant protein solution can be stored at 2-8℃ for 2-7 days. The bisector of the recombinant sample was stable at ≤-20°C for 3 months.
Bioactivity: S100A11 is a member of the calcium-binding protein S100 family. Human S100A11 contains two EF hand motifs, 82% of which share the same amino acid sequence as mouse and rat S100A11. It forms a covalent homodimer and a disulfide tetramer under the action of transglutamine. S100A11 is secreted by keratinocytes and can be cross-linked into the keratinocyte envelope of the skin. Dimerization enhances its ability to signal keratinocytes via RAGE, induce EGF family protein production, and induce cell proliferation. Dimerization also causes S100A11 to bind to RAGE on chondrocytes, leading to chondrocyte hypertrophy and catabolism of cartilage matrix. In addition, S100A11 is found in the cytoplasm and is phosphorylated and transferred to the nucleus in response to DNA damage, RELM alpha exposure, or elevated extracellular calcium concentrations. Calcium also promotes the binding of S100A11 to S100B and to annexins A1, A2 and A6. The S100A11-Annexin A2 complexes are recruited to sites of plasma membrane damage where they promote membrane repair of migrating cancer cells. S100A11 is upregulated in various cancers, supporting tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration. In addition, S100A11 is produced in the ovary and acts on cumulus cells to inhibit oocyte fertilization.
| Solubility (25°C) | Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
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