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Hyocholic acid is a primary bile acid in pigs and other mammals. Hyocholic Acid promotes GLP-1 secretion via activating TGR5 and inhibiting FXR in enteroendocrine cells. Hyocholic acid is converted by gut microflora primarily to taurohyocholate and, to a lesser extent, taurocholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid in mice.
Hyocholic acid has low toxicity against human hepatoma HepG2 cells. HCA (25 and 50 μM, 24 h) upregulates proglucagon gene transcription in STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells. HCA (25 and 50 μM, 24 h) upregulates GLP-1 protein secretion in STC-1 and NCI-H716 cells.
Hyocholic Acid (20 mg/kg, p.o.) suppresses BA depletion-induced blood glucose increase in pigs. Hyocholic Acid (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) improves serum fasting GLP-1 secretion and glucose homeostasis in diabetic mouse models.
| Molecular Weight | 408.57 |
| Formula | C24H40O5 |
| CAS Number | 547-75-1 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 42 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Related Metabolite/Endogenous Metabolite Products |
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| Palmitic acid-13C16
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| Methionine sulfoximine
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| L-Glutamine-15N2
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