Dapagliflozin (BMS-512148) is a novel selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a novel class of glucuretic, antihyperglycemic drugs that target the process of renal glucose reabsorption and induce glucuresis independently of insulin secretion or action. Dapagliflozin (BMS-512148) inhibits subtype 2 of the sodium-glucose transport proteins (SGLT2), which is responsible for at least 90% of the glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Blocking this transporter causes blood glucose to be eliminated through the urine. In initial clinical trials, Dapagliflozin 10 mg reduced HbA1c by -0.54% (weighted mean differences (WMD), 95% CI -0.67 to -0.40) compared to placebo. Phase II and III clinical trials have demonstrated that dapagliflozin is a safe and effective method for treating type 2 diabetes. Dapagliflozin (BMS-512148) produces a sustained, dose-dependent reduction in plasma glucose levels while simultaneously improving insulin secretion and sensitivity. Therapy with dapagliflozin also results in a mild osmotic-diuretic effect that may account for decreases in total body weight (~2-3 kg) and blood pressure (systolic 2-5 mm Hg, diastolic 1.5-3 mm Hg), and increases in hematocrit (1-2%).
Exp Neurol. 2023 May 19;366:114448.
Dapagliflozin inhibits the activity of lateral habenula to alleviate diabetes mellitus-induced depressive-like behavior
Dapagliflozin purchased from AbMole
| Cell Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Cell lines | CHO cells |
| Preparation method | SGLT Binding Assays. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing human SGLT2 (hSGLT2) and human SGLT1 (hSGLT1) (Genbank accession numbers M95549 and M24847, respectively) were utilized for the development of transport assays using the selective SGLT substrate -methyl-D-glucopyranoside (AMG). Inhibitors were assayed for the ability to inhibit [14C]AMG uptake in a protein-free buffer over a 2 h incubation period. The response curve was fitted to an empirical four-parameter model to determine the inhibitor concentration at half maximal response, reported as EC50. Protein-free buffer was used to simulate the low-protein conditions of the glomerular filtrate, which bathes the SGLT targets on the lumenal surface of the proximal tubule in the kidney. |
| Concentrations | |
| Incubation time | 2 h |
| Animal Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Animal models | Normal Sprague Dawley rats |
| Formulation | 5% mpyrol, 20% PEG 400, and 20 mM sodium diphosphate |
| Dosages | single dose of 0.01-10 mg/kg |
| Administration | orally |
| Molecular Weight | 408.87 |
| Formula | C21H25ClO6 |
| CAS Number | 461432-26-8 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 80 mg/mL |
| Storage | -20°C, dry, sealed |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
| Related SGLT Products |
|---|
| Tianagliflozin
Tianagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor that may be used in studies related to type 2 diabetes. |
| JTT-662
JTT-662 is an SGLT1 inhibitor that can be used in studies related to type 2 diabetes. |
| JP-2266
JP-2266 is a dual SGLT1/2 inhibitor that can be used in studies related to diabetes. |
| Tofogliflozin
Tofogliflozin(CSG-452) is a potent and highly specific sodium/glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2) inhibitor with Ki values of 2.9, 14.9, and 6.4 nM for human, rat, and mouse SGLT2. |
| Mizagliflozin
Mizagliflozin (DSP-3235 free base) is a potent, orally active and selective SGLT1 inhibitor, with a Ki of 27 nM for human SGLT1. Mizagliflozin displays 303-fold selectivity over SGLT2. Mizagliflozin is used as an antidiabetic agent that can modify postprandial blood glucose excursion. Mizagliflozin also exhibits potential in the amelioration of chronic constipation. |
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