D-Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic agent and a weak renal vasodilator. In microbiology: Mannitol is a good medium for certain microorganisms. D-Mannitol is used clinically to reduce acutely raised intracranial pressure until more definitive treatment can be applied, e.g., after head trauma. Mannitol can also be used as a facilitating agent for the transportation of pharmaceuticals directly into the brain. The arteries of the blood-brain barrier are much more selective than normal arteries. D-Mannitol is commonly used in the circuit prime of a heart lung machine during cardiopulmonary bypass.
| Molecular Weight | 182.17 |
| Formula | C6H14O6 |
| CAS Number | 69-65-8 |
| Solubility (25°C) | Water ≥ 100 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
[1] Chengrong Cao, et al. J Chem Phys. Liquid-liquid transition kinetics in D-mannitol
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