Agnuside is a compound isolated from Vitex negundo with anti-arthritic activity. Agnuside down-regulates pro-inflammatory mediators PGE2 and LTB4, and reduces the expression of cytokines. Agnuside inhibits COX-2 (IC50: 0.026 mg/ml) but exhibits less than 10% inhibition of COX-1 at this concentration. It also inhibits 46.3, 66.8, and 82.1% of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) ATPase activity at concentrations of 5, 25, and 100 μM, respectively. Agnuside (0.1-10 μM) induces proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, an effect that is inhibited by the estrogen receptor antagonist fulvestrant.
Molecular Weight | 466.44 |
Formula | C22H26O11 |
CAS Number | 11027-63-7 |
Form | Solid |
Solubility (25°C) | DMSO |
Storage | 2-8°C, protect from light, dry, sealed |
Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
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