In vitro: BEC causes significant enhancement of NO-dependent smooth muscle relaxation. In myocytes, BEC augments Ca(2+)-dependent NOS activity and NO production, and increases basal contractility. BEC also inhibits the proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by decreasing the expression levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4, increasing the expression of p27, and partly reducing the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK.
In vivo: In mice with allergic inflammation (OVA/OVA), BEC enhances peribronchiolar and perivascular inflammation, leads to enhanced NF-κB DNA binding and NF-κB-dependent inflammatory gene expression, and causes an increase in the content of NOx. In rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension, BEC reduces the right ventricle systolic pressure.
| Cell Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Cell lines | |
| Preparation method | |
| Concentrations | |
| Incubation time | |
| Animal Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Animal models | Mice with allergic inflammation (OVA/OVA) |
| Formulation | PBS |
| Dosages | 0.30 mM, 40 μl |
| Administration | oropharyngeal aspiration |
| Molecular Weight | 229.49 |
| Formula | C5H12BNO4S.ClH |
| CAS Number | 222638-67-7 |
| Solubility (25°C) | 45 mg/mL in DMSO |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
[1] Khong SM, et al. Br J Pharmacol. Arginase II inhibition prevents nitrate tolerance.
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