Ginkgolide C

Biological Activity

Ginkgolide C (10-100 μM) significantly suppresses lipid accumulation compared with the control group and also significantly promotes glycerol release in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Ginkgolide C suppresses PPAR-α and PPAR-γ expression and decreases C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and SREBP-1c expression in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Ginkgolide C (3-100 μM) also significantly promotes Sirt1 production and increases phosphorylation of AMPKα and ACC-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Ginkgolide C (1, 10, 50, 100, 500 mM) significantly reduces the collagen (10 mg/mL)-stimulated rat platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Ginkgolide C (50, 100 mM) causes pro-MMP-9 (92-kDa) to form an activated MMP-9 (86-kDa) in collagen-stimulated platelets.

Protocol

Cell Experiment
Cell lines	3T3-L1 cells
Preparation method	3T3-L1 cells are treated with various concentrations of ginkgolide C in 96-well plates for 24 h. Cell viability is analyzed by the MTT assay. The culture medium is removed, and the cells are incubated with 100 μL MTT solution (5 mg/mL) for 4 h at 37°C. After plates are washed, isopropanol is added to dissolve formazone crystals, followed by absorbance detection with a spectrophotometer at 570 nm.
Concentrations	3 μM-100 μM
Incubation time	24 h

Animal Experiment
Animal models
Formulation
Dosages
Administration

Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (Value based on data from FDA Draft Guidelines)

Species	Mouse	Rat	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Hamster	Dog
Weight (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
Km factor	3	6	12	8	5	20

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of resveratrol used for a mouse (22.4 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 22.4 mg/kg by the K_m factor for a mouse and then divide by the K_m factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for resveratrol of 11.2 mg/kg.

Chemical Information

References

Ginkgolide C Suppresses Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via the AMPK Signaling Pathway.
Liou CJ, et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:298635. PMID: 26413119.

Ginkgolide C inhibits platelet aggregation in cAMP- and cGMP-dependent manner by activating MMP-9.
Cho HJ, et al. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 Dec;30(12):2340-4. PMID: 18057723.