Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate is a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients.Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate induces inflammation by activating ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome, and also accelerates fibroblast differentiation and induces cardiac fibrosis by activating TGF-β/smad2 signaling pathway. In addition, Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate induces tumor cell pyroptosis and enhances CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor responses in triple-negative breast cancer.
| Molecular Weight | 111.14 |
| Formula | C3H13NO3 |
| CAS Number | 62637-93-8 |
| Form | Solid |
| Solubility (25°C) | Water 100 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
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