Stavudine (d4T, brand name Zerit) is an orally bioavailable nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI) active against HIV. Stavudine triphosphate inhibits the HIV reverse transcriptase in vitro by competing with natural substrate, thymidine triphosphate. Stavudine also causes termination of DNA replication by incorporating into the DNA strand. In clinical studies, stavudine has excellent oral bioavailability in excess of 80%.
Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of resveratrol used for a mouse (22.4 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 22.4 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for resveratrol of 11.2 mg/kg.
Molecular Weight | 224.21 |
Formula | C10H12N2O4 |
CAS Number | 3056-17-5 |
Purity | >98% |
Solubility | DMSO 40 mg/mL Water 40 mg/mL |
Storage | at -20°C |
Association between HLA-B*4001 and lipodystrophy among HIV-infected patients from Thailand who received a stavudine-containing antiretroviral regimen.
Wangsomboonsiri W, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Feb 15;50(4):597-604. PMID: 20073992.
Antiretroviral activity of stavudine (2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine, D4T).
Riddler SA, et al. Antiviral Res. 1995 Jun;27(3):189-203. PMID: 8540743.
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