In vitro: GNE-317 is not a substrate of P-gp or BCRP transporter in transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Binding of GNE-317 to plasma proteins exhibits a free fraction of 14.9 % in mouse plasma, and binding to brain tissues is higher, with a free fraction of 5.4%. GNE-317 shows cytostasis but no cell death to U87 cells.
In vivo: GNE-317 (40 mg/kg, p.o.) markedly inhibits the PI3K pathway in mouse brain, causing 40% to 90% suppression of the pAkt and pS6 signals up to 6-hour postdose. GNE-317 (40 mg/kg, p.o.) is efficacious in the U87 and GS2 orthotopic models, achieving tumor growth inhibition of 90% and 50%, respectively. In the GBM10 tumor model, GNE-317 (30 mg/kg, p.o.; 40 mg/kg the first 2 weeks) extends the survival of mice from a median of 55.5 to 75 days.
| Cell Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Cell lines | |
| Preparation method | |
| Concentrations | |
| Incubation time | |
| Animal Experiment | |
|---|---|
| Animal models | U87 and GS2 orthotopic tumor-bearing mice |
| Formulation | 0.5% methylcellulose/0.2%Tween 80 |
| Dosages | 40 mg/kg |
| Administration | p.o. |
| Molecular Weight | 414.48 |
| Formula | C19H22N6O3S |
| CAS Number | 1394076-92-6 |
| Solubility (25°C) | 47 mg/mL warmed in DMSO |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
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