Irinotecan hydrochloride trihydrate prevents DNA from unwinding by inhibition of topoisomerase 1. Irinotecan (100 mg/kg) significantly increases amounts of topoisomerase I covalently bound to DNA in stomach, duodenum, colon and liver in male Wistar rats. Irinotecan (20 mg/kg i.p.) induces tumor growth inhibition of 92% in COLO 320 xenograft mice model. Irinotecan is activated by hydrolysis to SN-38. The inhibition of topoisomerase I by the active metabolite SN-38 eventually leads to inhibition of both DNA replication and transcription. Irinotecan is currently in phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
| Molecular Weight | 677.18 |
| Formula | C33H38N4O6.HCl.3H2O |
| CAS Number | 136572-09-3 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 70 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
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