Ethidium Homodimer 1 (EthD-1) is a high-affinity fluorescent nucleic acid dye that binds ssDNA, dsDNA, RNA, oligonucleotides and triple helix DNA. Once it is combined with DNA, the fluorescence is significantly enhanced (>30 times), and bright red fluorescence is invented (the maximum excitation/emission wavelength is about 528/617nm). Since EthD-1 carries a strong positive charge and cannot penetrate intact/living cell membranes, it can be used to determine cell viability. Based on the above characteristics, EthD-1 can be used in combination with Calcein AM to stain dead and live cells respectively to determine cell viability and toxicity. EthD-1 is a dead cell specific dye in all cell types (including mammals, bacteria and yeast).
| Molecular Weight | 856.75 |
| Formula | C46H50Cl4N8 |
| CAS Number | 61926-22-5 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 2 mM DMF |
| Storage | 2-8°C, protect from light, dry, sealed |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
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