Aminophylline (Phyllocontin, Truphylline) is a competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.12 mM and also a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist. It is a bronchodilator. It is a compound of the bronchodilator theophylline with ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio.
| Molecular Weight | 420.43 |
| Formula | C16H24N10O4 |
| CAS Number | 317-34-0 |
| Solubility (25°C) | DMSO 50 mg/mL Water 80 mg/mL |
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years ; 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months ; -20°C 1 month |
| Species | Mouse | Rat | Rabbit | Guinea pig | Hamster | Dog |
| Weight (kg) | 0.02 | 0.15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 10 |
| Body Surface Area (m2) | 0.007 | 0.025 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.5 |
| Km factor | 3 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 20 |
| Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by | Animal B Km |
| Animal A Km |
For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.
[2] Basil M Rudusky. Aminophylline: exploring cardiovascular benefits versus medical malcontent
[3] M S Schwartz, et al. Aminophylline-induced seizures
[4] S Albert. Aminophylline toxicity
[5] B Littenberg. Aminophylline treatment in severe, acute asthma. A meta-analysis
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